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| <h1>Input Class</h1> |
| |
| <p>The Input Class serves two purposes:</p> |
| |
| <ol> |
| <li>It pre-processes global input data for security.</li> |
| <li>It provides some helper functions for fetching input data and pre-processing it.</li> |
| </ol> |
| |
| <p class="important"><strong>Note:</strong> This class is initialized automatically by the system so there is no need to do it manually.</p> |
| |
| |
| <h2>Security Filtering</h2> |
| |
| <p>The security filtering function is called automatically when a new <a href="../general/controllers.html">controller</a> is invoked. It does the following:</p> |
| |
| <ul> |
| <li>Destroys the global GET array. Since CodeIgniter does not utilize GET strings, there is no reason to allow it.</li> |
| <li>Destroys all global variables in the event register_globals is turned on.</li> |
| <li>Filters the POST/COOKIE array keys, permitting only alpha-numeric (and a few other) characters.</li> |
| <li>Provides XSS (Cross-site Scripting Hacks) filtering. This can be enabled globally, or upon request.</li> |
| <li>Standardizes newline characters to \n</li> |
| </ul> |
| |
| |
| <h2>XSS Filtering</h2> |
| |
| <p>The Input class has the ability to filter input automatically to prevent cross-site scripting attacks. If you want the filter to run automatically every time it encounters POST or COOKIE data you can enable it by opening your |
| <kbd>application/config/config.php</kbd> file and setting this:</p> |
| |
| <code>$config['global_xss_filtering'] = TRUE;</code> |
| |
| <p>Please refer to the <a href="security.html">Security class</a> documentation for information on using XSS Filtering in your application.</p> |
| |
| |
| <h2>Using POST, COOKIE, or SERVER Data</h2> |
| |
| <p>CodeIgniter comes with three helper functions that let you fetch POST, COOKIE or SERVER items. The main advantage of using the provided |
| functions rather than fetching an item directly ($_POST['something']) is that the functions will check to see if the item is set and |
| return false (boolean) if not. This lets you conveniently use data without having to test whether an item exists first. |
| In other words, normally you might do something like this:</p> |
| |
| <code> |
| if ( ! isset($_POST['something']))<br /> |
| {<br /> |
| $something = FALSE;<br /> |
| }<br /> |
| else<br /> |
| {<br /> |
| $something = $_POST['something'];<br /> |
| }</code> |
| |
| <p>With CodeIgniter's built in functions you can simply do this:</p> |
| |
| <code>$something = $this->input->post('something');</code> |
| |
| <p>The three functions are:</p> |
| |
| <ul> |
| <li>$this->input->post()</li> |
| <li>$this->input->cookie()</li> |
| <li>$this->input->server()</li> |
| </ul> |
| |
| <h2>$this->input->post()</h2> |
| |
| <p>The first parameter will contain the name of the POST item you are looking for:</p> |
| |
| <code>$this->input->post('some_data');</code> |
| |
| <p>The function returns FALSE (boolean) if the item you are attempting to retrieve does not exist.</p> |
| |
| <p>The second optional parameter lets you run the data through the XSS filter. It's enabled by setting the second parameter to boolean TRUE;</p> |
| |
| <code>$this->input->post('some_data', TRUE);</code> |
| |
| <p>To return an array of all POST items call without any parameters.</p> |
| <p>To return all POST items and pass them through the XSS filter leave the first parameter blank while setting the second parameter to boolean;</p> |
| <p>The function returns FALSE (boolean) if there are no items in the POST.</p> |
| |
| <code> |
| $this->input->post(); // returns all POST items with XSS filter |
| <br /> |
| $this->input->post(NULL, FALSE); // returns all POST items without XSS |
| </code> |
| |
| <h2>$this->input->get()</h2> |
| |
| <p>This function is identical to the post function, only it fetches get data:</p> |
| |
| <code>$this->input->get('some_data', TRUE);</code> |
| |
| <p>To return an array of all GET items call without any parameters.</p> |
| <p>To return all GET items and pass them through the XSS filter leave the first parameter blank while setting the second parameter to boolean;</p> |
| <p>The function returns FALSE (boolean) if there are no items in the GET.</p> |
| |
| <code> |
| $this->input->get(); // returns all GET items with XSS filter |
| <br /> |
| $this->input->get(NULL, FALSE); // returns all GET items without XSS filtering |
| </code> |
| |
| <h2>$this->input->get_post()</h2> |
| |
| <p>This function will search through both the post and get streams for data, looking first in post, and then in get:</p> |
| |
| <code>$this->input->get_post('some_data', TRUE);</code> |
| |
| <h2>$this->input->cookie()</h2> |
| |
| <p>This function is identical to the post function, only it fetches cookie data:</p> |
| |
| <code>$this->input->cookie('some_data', TRUE);</code> |
| |
| <h2>$this->input->server()</h2> |
| |
| <p>This function is identical to the above functions, only it fetches server data:</p> |
| |
| <code>$this->input->server('some_data');</code> |
| |
| |
| <h2>$this->input->set_cookie()</h2> |
| |
| <p>Sets a cookie containing the values you specify. There are two ways to pass information to this function so that a cookie can be set: |
| Array Method, and Discrete Parameters:</p> |
| |
| <h4>Array Method</h4> |
| |
| <p>Using this method, an associative array is passed to the first parameter:</p> |
| |
| <code>$cookie = array(<br /> |
| 'name' => 'The Cookie Name',<br /> |
| 'value' => 'The Value',<br /> |
| 'expire' => '86500',<br /> |
| 'domain' => '.some-domain.com',<br /> |
| 'path' => '/',<br /> |
| 'prefix' => 'myprefix_',<br /> |
| 'secure' => TRUE<br /> |
| );<br /> |
| <br /> |
| $this->input->set_cookie($cookie); |
| </code> |
| |
| <p><strong>Notes:</strong></p> |
| |
| <p>Only the name and value are required. To delete a cookie set it with the expiration blank.</p> |
| |
| <p>The expiration is set in <strong>seconds</strong>, which will be added to the current time. Do not include the time, but rather only the |
| number of seconds from <em>now</em> that you wish the cookie to be valid. If the expiration is set to |
| zero the cookie will only last as long as the browser is open.</p> |
| <p>For site-wide cookies regardless of how your site is requested, add your URL to the <strong>domain</strong> starting with a period, like this: .your-domain.com</p> |
| <p>The path is usually not needed since the function sets a root path.</p> |
| <p>The prefix is only needed if you need to avoid name collisions with other identically named cookies for your server.</p> |
| <p>The secure boolean is only needed if you want to make it a secure cookie by setting it to TRUE.</p> |
| |
| <h4>Discrete Parameters</h4> |
| |
| <p>If you prefer, you can set the cookie by passing data using individual parameters:</p> |
| |
| <code>$this->input->set_cookie($name, $value, $expire, $domain, $path, $prefix, $secure);</code> |
| |
| <h2>$this->input->cookie()</h2> |
| |
| <p>Lets you fetch a cookie. The first parameter will contain the name of the cookie you are looking for (including any prefixes):</p> |
| |
| <code>cookie('some_cookie');</code> |
| |
| <p>The function returns FALSE (boolean) if the item you are attempting to retrieve does not exist.</p> |
| |
| <p>The second optional parameter lets you run the data through the XSS filter. It's enabled by setting the second parameter to boolean TRUE;</p> |
| |
| <p><code>cookie('some_cookie', TRUE);</code></p> |
| |
| |
| <h2>$this->input->ip_address()</h2> |
| <p>Returns the IP address for the current user. If the IP address is not valid, the function will return an IP of: 0.0.0.0</p> |
| <code>echo $this->input->ip_address();</code> |
| |
| |
| <h2>$this->input->valid_ip(<var>$ip</var>)</h2> |
| |
| <p>Takes an IP address as input and returns TRUE or FALSE (boolean) if it is valid or not. Note: The $this->input->ip_address() function above |
| validates the IP automatically.</p> |
| |
| <code>if ( ! $this->input->valid_ip($ip))<br /> |
| {<br /> |
| echo 'Not Valid';<br /> |
| }<br /> |
| else<br /> |
| {<br /> |
| echo 'Valid';<br /> |
| }</code> |
| |
| |
| <h2>$this->input->user_agent()</h2> |
| <p>Returns the user agent (web browser) being used by the current user. Returns FALSE if it's not available.</p> |
| <code>echo $this->input->user_agent();</code> |
| <p>See the <a href="user_agent.html">User Agent Class</a> for methods which extract information from the user agent string.</p> |
| |
| <h2>$this->input->request_headers()</h2> |
| <p>Useful if running in a non-Apache environment where <a href="http://php.net/apache_request_headers">apache_request_headers()</a> will not be supported. Returns an array of headers.</p> |
| |
| <code>$headers = $this->input->request_headers();</code> |
| |
| <h2>$this->input->get_request_header();</h2> |
| <p>Returns a single member of the request headers array.</p> |
| |
| <code>$this->input->get_request_header('some-header', TRUE);</code> |
| |
| |
| <h2>$this->input->is_ajax_request()</h2> |
| <p>Checks to see if the <var>HTTP_X_REQUESTED_WITH</var> server header has been set, and returns a boolean response.</p> |
| |
| |
| <h2>$this->input->is_cli_request()</h2> |
| <p>Checks to see if the <var>STDIN</var> constant is set, which is a failsafe way to see if PHP is being run on the command line.</p> |
| |
| <code>$this->input->is_cli_request()</code> |
| |
| |
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