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| <div class="section" id="database-configuration"> |
| <h1>Database Configuration<a class="headerlink" href="#database-configuration" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1> |
| <p>CodeIgniter has a config file that lets you store your database |
| connection values (username, password, database name, etc.). The config |
| file is located at application/config/database.php. You can also set |
| database connection values for specific |
| <a class="reference internal" href="../libraries/config.html"><span class="doc">environments</span></a> by placing <strong>database.php</strong> |
| in the respective environment config folder.</p> |
| <p>The config settings are stored in a multi-dimensional array with this |
| prototype:</p> |
| <div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$db</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'default'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">array</span><span class="p">(</span> |
| <span class="s1">'dsn'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="s1">''</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s1">'hostname'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="s1">'localhost'</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s1">'username'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="s1">'root'</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s1">'password'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="s1">''</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s1">'database'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="s1">'database_name'</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s1">'dbdriver'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="s1">'mysqli'</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s1">'dbprefix'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="s1">''</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s1">'pconnect'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="k">TRUE</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s1">'db_debug'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="k">TRUE</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s1">'cache_on'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="k">FALSE</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s1">'cachedir'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="s1">''</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s1">'char_set'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="s1">'utf8'</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s1">'dbcollat'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="s1">'utf8_general_ci'</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s1">'swap_pre'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="s1">''</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s1">'encrypt'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="k">FALSE</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s1">'compress'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="k">FALSE</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s1">'stricton'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="k">FALSE</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s1">'failover'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="k">array</span><span class="p">()</span> |
| <span class="p">);</span> |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| <p>Some database drivers (such as PDO, PostgreSQL, Oracle, ODBC) might |
| require a full DSN string to be provided. If that is the case, you |
| should use the ‘dsn’ configuration setting, as if you’re using the |
| driver’s underlying native PHP extension, like this:</p> |
| <div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="c1">// PDO</span> |
| <span class="nv">$db</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'default'</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="s1">'dsn'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'pgsql:host=localhost;port=5432;dbname=database_name'</span><span class="p">;</span> |
| |
| <span class="c1">// Oracle</span> |
| <span class="nv">$db</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'default'</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="s1">'dsn'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'//localhost/XE'</span><span class="p">;</span> |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="admonition note"> |
| <p class="first admonition-title">Note</p> |
| <p class="last">If you do not specify a DSN string for a driver that requires it, CodeIgniter |
| will try to build it with the rest of the provided settings.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="admonition note"> |
| <p class="first admonition-title">Note</p> |
| <p class="last">If you provide a DSN string and it is missing some valid settings (e.g. the |
| database character set), which are present in the rest of the configuration |
| fields, CodeIgniter will append them.</p> |
| </div> |
| <p>You can also specify failovers for the situation when the main connection cannot connect for some reason. |
| These failovers can be specified by setting the failover for a connection like this:</p> |
| <div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$db</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'default'</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="s1">'failover'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">array</span><span class="p">(</span> |
| <span class="k">array</span><span class="p">(</span> |
| <span class="s1">'hostname'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="s1">'localhost1'</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s1">'username'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="s1">''</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s1">'password'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="s1">''</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s1">'database'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="s1">''</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s1">'dbdriver'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="s1">'mysqli'</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s1">'dbprefix'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="s1">''</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s1">'pconnect'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="k">TRUE</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s1">'db_debug'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="k">TRUE</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s1">'cache_on'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="k">FALSE</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s1">'cachedir'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="s1">''</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s1">'char_set'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="s1">'utf8'</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s1">'dbcollat'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="s1">'utf8_general_ci'</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s1">'swap_pre'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="s1">''</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s1">'encrypt'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="k">FALSE</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s1">'compress'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="k">FALSE</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s1">'stricton'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="k">FALSE</span> |
| <span class="p">),</span> |
| <span class="k">array</span><span class="p">(</span> |
| <span class="s1">'hostname'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="s1">'localhost2'</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s1">'username'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="s1">''</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s1">'password'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="s1">''</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s1">'database'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="s1">''</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s1">'dbdriver'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="s1">'mysqli'</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s1">'dbprefix'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="s1">''</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s1">'pconnect'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="k">TRUE</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s1">'db_debug'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="k">TRUE</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s1">'cache_on'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="k">FALSE</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s1">'cachedir'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="s1">''</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s1">'char_set'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="s1">'utf8'</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s1">'dbcollat'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="s1">'utf8_general_ci'</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s1">'swap_pre'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="s1">''</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s1">'encrypt'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="k">FALSE</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s1">'compress'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="k">FALSE</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s1">'stricton'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="k">FALSE</span> |
| <span class="p">)</span> |
| <span class="p">);</span> |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| <p>You can specify as many failovers as you like.</p> |
| <p>The reason we use a multi-dimensional array rather than a more simple |
| one is to permit you to optionally store multiple sets of connection |
| values. If, for example, you run multiple environments (development, |
| production, test, etc.) under a single installation, you can set up a |
| connection group for each, then switch between groups as needed. For |
| example, to set up a “test” environment you would do this:</p> |
| <div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$db</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'test'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">array</span><span class="p">(</span> |
| <span class="s1">'dsn'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="s1">''</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s1">'hostname'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="s1">'localhost'</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s1">'username'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="s1">'root'</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s1">'password'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="s1">''</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s1">'database'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="s1">'database_name'</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s1">'dbdriver'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="s1">'mysqli'</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s1">'dbprefix'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="s1">''</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s1">'pconnect'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="k">TRUE</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s1">'db_debug'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="k">TRUE</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s1">'cache_on'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="k">FALSE</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s1">'cachedir'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="s1">''</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s1">'char_set'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="s1">'utf8'</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s1">'dbcollat'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="s1">'utf8_general_ci'</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s1">'swap_pre'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="s1">''</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s1">'compress'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="k">FALSE</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s1">'encrypt'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="k">FALSE</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s1">'stricton'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="k">FALSE</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s1">'failover'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="k">array</span><span class="p">()</span> |
| <span class="p">);</span> |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| <p>Then, to globally tell the system to use that group you would set this |
| variable located in the config file:</p> |
| <div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$active_group</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'test'</span><span class="p">;</span> |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="admonition note"> |
| <p class="first admonition-title">Note</p> |
| <p class="last">The name ‘test’ is arbitrary. It can be anything you want. By |
| default we’ve used the word “default” for the primary connection, |
| but it too can be renamed to something more relevant to your project.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="section" id="query-builder"> |
| <h2>Query Builder<a class="headerlink" href="#query-builder" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> |
| <p>The <a class="reference internal" href="query_builder.html"><span class="doc">Query Builder Class</span></a> is globally enabled or |
| disabled by setting the $query_builder variable in the database |
| configuration file to TRUE/FALSE (boolean). The default setting is TRUE. |
| If you are not using the |
| query builder class, setting it to FALSE will utilize fewer resources |
| when the database classes are initialized.</p> |
| <div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$query_builder</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">TRUE</span><span class="p">;</span> |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="admonition note"> |
| <p class="first admonition-title">Note</p> |
| <p class="last">that some CodeIgniter classes such as Sessions require Query |
| Builder to be enabled to access certain functionality.</p> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="section" id="explanation-of-values"> |
| <h2>Explanation of Values:<a class="headerlink" href="#explanation-of-values" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> |
| <table border="1" class="docutils"> |
| <colgroup> |
| <col width="17%" /> |
| <col width="83%" /> |
| </colgroup> |
| <thead valign="bottom"> |
| <tr class="row-odd"><th class="head">Name Config</th> |
| <th class="head">Description</th> |
| </tr> |
| </thead> |
| <tbody valign="top"> |
| <tr class="row-even"><td><strong>dsn</strong></td> |
| <td>The DSN connect string (an all-in-one configuration sequence).</td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr class="row-odd"><td><strong>hostname</strong></td> |
| <td>The hostname of your database server. Often this is ‘localhost’.</td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr class="row-even"><td><strong>username</strong></td> |
| <td>The username used to connect to the database.</td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr class="row-odd"><td><strong>password</strong></td> |
| <td>The password used to connect to the database.</td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr class="row-even"><td><strong>database</strong></td> |
| <td>The name of the database you want to connect to.</td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr class="row-odd"><td><strong>dbdriver</strong></td> |
| <td>The database type. ie: mysqli, postgre, odbc, etc. Must be specified in lower case.</td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr class="row-even"><td><strong>dbprefix</strong></td> |
| <td>An optional table prefix which will added to the table name when running |
| <a class="reference internal" href="query_builder.html"><span class="doc">Query Builder</span></a> queries. This permits multiple CodeIgniter |
| installations to share one database.</td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr class="row-odd"><td><strong>pconnect</strong></td> |
| <td>TRUE/FALSE (boolean) - Whether to use a persistent connection.</td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr class="row-even"><td><strong>db_debug</strong></td> |
| <td>TRUE/FALSE (boolean) - Whether database errors should be displayed.</td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr class="row-odd"><td><strong>cache_on</strong></td> |
| <td>TRUE/FALSE (boolean) - Whether database query caching is enabled, |
| see also <a class="reference internal" href="caching.html"><span class="doc">Database Caching Class</span></a>.</td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr class="row-even"><td><strong>cachedir</strong></td> |
| <td>The absolute server path to your database query cache directory.</td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr class="row-odd"><td><strong>char_set</strong></td> |
| <td>The character set used in communicating with the database.</td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr class="row-even"><td><strong>dbcollat</strong></td> |
| <td><p class="first">The character collation used in communicating with the database</p> |
| <div class="last admonition note"> |
| <p class="first admonition-title">Note</p> |
| <p class="last">Only used in the ‘mysql’ and ‘mysqli’ drivers.</p> |
| </div> |
| </td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr class="row-odd"><td><strong>swap_pre</strong></td> |
| <td>A default table prefix that should be swapped with dbprefix. This is useful for distributed |
| applications where you might run manually written queries, and need the prefix to still be |
| customizable by the end user.</td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr class="row-even"><td><strong>schema</strong></td> |
| <td>The database schema, defaults to ‘public’. Used by PostgreSQL and ODBC drivers.</td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr class="row-odd"><td><strong>encrypt</strong></td> |
| <td><p class="first">Whether or not to use an encrypted connection.</p> |
| <blockquote class="last"> |
| <div><ul class="simple"> |
| <li>‘mysql’ (deprecated), ‘sqlsrv’ and ‘pdo/sqlsrv’ drivers accept TRUE/FALSE</li> |
| <li>‘mysqli’ and ‘pdo/mysql’ drivers accept an array with the following options:<ul> |
| <li>‘ssl_key’ - Path to the private key file</li> |
| <li>‘ssl_cert’ - Path to the public key certificate file</li> |
| <li>‘ssl_ca’ - Path to the certificate authority file</li> |
| <li>‘ssl_capath’ - Path to a directory containing trusted CA certificates in PEM format</li> |
| <li>‘ssl_cipher’ - List of <em>allowed</em> ciphers to be used for the encryption, separated by colons (‘:’)</li> |
| <li>‘ssl_verify’ - TRUE/FALSE; Whether to verify the server certificate or not (‘mysqli’ only)</li> |
| </ul> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| </div></blockquote> |
| </td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr class="row-even"><td><strong>compress</strong></td> |
| <td>Whether or not to use client compression (MySQL only).</td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr class="row-odd"><td><strong>stricton</strong></td> |
| <td>TRUE/FALSE (boolean) - Whether to force “Strict Mode” connections, good for ensuring strict SQL |
| while developing an application.</td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr class="row-even"><td><strong>port</strong></td> |
| <td><p class="first">The database port number. To use this value you have to add a line to the database config array.</p> |
| <div class="last highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$db</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'default'</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="s1">'port'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">5432</span><span class="p">;</span> |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| </td> |
| </tr> |
| </tbody> |
| </table> |
| <div class="admonition note"> |
| <p class="first admonition-title">Note</p> |
| <p class="last">Depending on what database platform you are using (MySQL, PostgreSQL, |
| etc.) not all values will be needed. For example, when using SQLite you |
| will not need to supply a username or password, and the database name |
| will be the path to your database file. The information above assumes |
| you are using MySQL.</p> |
| </div> |
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