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| <td><h1>Code Igniter User Guide Version 1.5.0b3</h1></td> | |
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| Views | |
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| <h1>Views</h1> | |
| <p>A <dfn>view</dfn> is simply a web page, or a page fragment, like a header, footer, sidebar, etc. | |
| In fact, views can flexibly be embedded within other views (within other views, etc., etc.) if you need this type | |
| of hierarchy.</p> | |
| <p>Views are never called directly, they must be loaded by a <a href="controllers.html">controller</a>. Remember that in an MVC framework, the Controller acts as the | |
| traffic cop, so it is responsible for fetching a particular view. If you have not read the <a href="controllers.html">Controllers</a> page | |
| you should do so before continuing.</p> | |
| <p>Using the example controller you created in the <a href="controllers.html">controller</a> page, let's add a view to it.</p> | |
| <h2>Creating a View</h2> | |
| <p>Using your text editor, create a file called <dfn>blogview.php</dfn>, and put this in it:</p> | |
| <textarea class="textarea" style="width:100%" cols="50" rows="10"> | |
| <html> | |
| <head> | |
| <title>My Blog</title> | |
| </head> | |
| <body> | |
| <h1>Welcome to my Blog!</h1> | |
| </body> | |
| </html> | |
| </textarea> | |
| <p>Then save the file in your <dfn>application/views/</dfn> folder.</p> | |
| <h2>Loading a View</h2> | |
| <p>To load a particular view file you will use the following function:</p> | |
| <code>$this->load->view('<var>name</var>');</code> | |
| <p>Where <var>name</var> is the name of your view file. Note: The .php file extension does not need to be specified unless you use something other then <kbd>.php</kbd>.</p> | |
| <p>Now, open the controller file you made earlier called <dfn>blog.php</dfn>, and replace the echo statement with the view loading function:</p> | |
| <textarea class="textarea" style="width:100%" cols="50" rows="10"> | |
| <?php | |
| class Blog extends Controller { | |
| function index() | |
| { | |
| $this->load->view('blogview'); | |
| } | |
| } | |
| ?> | |
| </textarea> | |
| <p>If you visit the your site using the URL you did earlier you should see your new view. The URL was similar to this:</p> | |
| <code>www.your-site.com/index.php/<var>blog</var>/</code> | |
| <h2>Adding Dynamic Data to the View</h2> | |
| <p>Data is passed from the controller to the view by way of an <strong>array</strong> or an <strong>object</strong> in the second | |
| parameter of the view loading function. Here is an example using an array:</p> | |
| <code>$data = array(<br /> | |
| 'title' => 'My Title',<br /> | |
| 'heading' => 'My Heading'<br /> | |
| 'message' => 'My Message'<br /> | |
| );<br /> | |
| <br /> | |
| $this->load->view('blogview', <var>$data</var>);</code> | |
| <p>And here's an example using an object:</p> | |
| <code>$data = new Someclass();<br /> | |
| $this->load->view('blogview', <var>$data</var>);</code> | |
| <p>Note: If you use an object, the class variables will be turned into array elements.</p> | |
| <p>Let's try it with your controller file. Open it add this code:</p> | |
| <textarea class="textarea" style="width:100%" cols="50" rows="14"> | |
| <?php | |
| class Blog extends Controller { | |
| function index() | |
| { | |
| $data['title'] = "My Real Title"; | |
| $data['heading'] = "My Real Heading"; | |
| $this->load->view('blogview', $data); | |
| } | |
| } | |
| ?> | |
| </textarea> | |
| <p>Now open your view file and change the text to variables that correspond to the array keys in your data:</p> | |
| <textarea class="textarea" style="width:100%" cols="50" rows="10"> | |
| <html> | |
| <head> | |
| <title><?=$title;?></title> | |
| </head> | |
| <body> | |
| <h1><?=$heading;?></h1> | |
| </body> | |
| </html> | |
| </textarea> | |
| <p>Then load the page at the URL you've been using and you should see the variables replaced.</p> | |
| <p><strong>Note:</strong> You'll notice that in the example above we are using PHP's alternative syntax. If you | |
| are not familiar with it you can read about it <a href="alternative_php.html">here</a>.</p> | |
| <h2>Creating Loops</h2> | |
| <p>The data array you pass to your view files is not limited to simple variables. You can | |
| pass multi dimensional arrays, which can be looped to generate multiple rows. For example, if you | |
| pull data from your database it will typically be in the form of a multi-dimensional array.</p> | |
| <p>Here's a simple example. Add this to your controller:</p> | |
| <textarea class="textarea" style="width:100%" cols="50" rows="17"> | |
| <?php | |
| class Blog extends Controller { | |
| function index() | |
| { | |
| $data['todo_list'] = array('Clean House', 'Call Mom', 'Run Errands'); | |
| $data['title'] = "My Real Title"; | |
| $data['heading'] = "My Real Heading"; | |
| $this->load->view('blogview', $data); | |
| } | |
| } | |
| ?> | |
| </textarea> | |
| <p>Now open your view file and create a loop:</p> | |
| <textarea class="textarea" style="width:100%" cols="50" rows="24"> | |
| <html> | |
| <head> | |
| <title><?=$title;?></title> | |
| </head> | |
| <body> | |
| <h1><?=$heading;?></h1> | |
| <h3>My Todo List</h3> | |
| <ul> | |
| <?php foreach($todo_list as $item):?> | |
| <li><?=$item;?></li> | |
| <?php endforeach;?> | |
| </ul> | |
| </body> | |
| </html> | |
| </textarea> | |
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