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Andrey Andreevc5769952019-01-16 17:49:35 +0200[diff] [blame]1
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412
413 <li>Create news items</li>
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415
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423 <div role="main" class="document">
424
425 <div class="section" id="create-news-items">
426<h1>Create news items<a class="headerlink" href="#create-news-items" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h1>
427<p>You now know how you can read data from a database using CodeIgniter, but
428you haven’t written any information to the database yet. In this section
429you’ll expand your news controller and model created earlier to include
430this functionality.</p>
431<div class="section" id="create-a-form">
432<h2>Create a form<a class="headerlink" href="#create-a-form" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
433<p>To input data into the database you need to create a form where you can
434input the information to be stored. This means you’ll be needing a form
435with two fields, one for the title and one for the text. You’ll derive
436the slug from our title in the model. Create the new view at
437<em>application/views/news/create.php</em>.</p>
438<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="nx">h2</span><span class="o">&gt;&lt;?</span><span class="nx">php</span> <span class="k">echo</span> <span class="nv">$title</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="cp">?&gt;</span><span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">h2</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
439
440<span class="cp">&lt;?php</span> <span class="k">echo</span> <span class="nx">validation_errors</span><span class="p">();</span> <span class="cp">?&gt;</span>
441
442<span class="cp">&lt;?php</span> <span class="k">echo</span> <span class="nx">form_open</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;news/create&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="cp">?&gt;</span>
443
444 <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">label</span> <span class="na">for</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">&quot;title&quot;</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Title<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">label</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
445 <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">input</span> <span class="na">type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">&quot;input&quot;</span> <span class="na">name</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">&quot;title&quot;</span> <span class="p">/&gt;&lt;</span><span class="nt">br</span> <span class="p">/&gt;</span>
446
447 <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">label</span> <span class="na">for</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">&quot;text&quot;</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Text<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">label</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
448 <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">textarea</span> <span class="na">name</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">&quot;text&quot;</span><span class="p">&gt;&lt;/</span><span class="nt">textarea</span><span class="p">&gt;&lt;</span><span class="nt">br</span> <span class="p">/&gt;</span>
449
450 <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">input</span> <span class="na">type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">&quot;submit&quot;</span> <span class="na">name</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">&quot;submit&quot;</span> <span class="na">value</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">&quot;Create news item&quot;</span> <span class="p">/&gt;</span>
451
452<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">form</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
453</pre></div>
454</div>
455<p>There are only two things here that probably look unfamiliar to you: the
456<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">form_open()</span></code> function and the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">validation_errors()</span></code> function.</p>
457<p>The first function is provided by the <a class="reference internal" href="../helpers/form_helper.html"><span class="doc">form
458helper</span></a> and renders the form element and
459adds extra functionality, like adding a hidden <a class="reference internal" href="../libraries/security.html"><span class="doc">CSRF prevention
460field</span></a>. The latter is used to report
461errors related to form validation.</p>
462<p>Go back to your news controller. You’re going to do two things here,
463check whether the form was submitted and whether the submitted data
464passed the validation rules. You’ll use the <a class="reference internal" href="../libraries/form_validation.html"><span class="doc">form
465validation</span></a> library to do this.</p>
466<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">public</span> <span class="k">function</span> <span class="nf">create</span><span class="p">()</span>
467<span class="p">{</span>
468 <span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">load</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">helper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;form&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
469 <span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">load</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">library</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;form_validation&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
470
471 <span class="nv">$data</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">&#39;title&#39;</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">&#39;Create a news item&#39;</span><span class="p">;</span>
472
473 <span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">form_validation</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">set_rules</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;title&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">&#39;Title&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">&#39;required&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
474 <span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">form_validation</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">set_rules</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;text&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">&#39;Text&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">&#39;required&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
475
476 <span class="k">if</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">form_validation</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">run</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="o">===</span> <span class="k">FALSE</span><span class="p">)</span>
477 <span class="p">{</span>
478 <span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">load</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">view</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;templates/header&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nv">$data</span><span class="p">);</span>
479 <span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">load</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">view</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;news/create&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
480 <span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">load</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">view</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;templates/footer&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
481
482 <span class="p">}</span>
483 <span class="k">else</span>
484 <span class="p">{</span>
485 <span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">news_model</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">set_news</span><span class="p">();</span>
486 <span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">load</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">view</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;news/success&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
487 <span class="p">}</span>
488<span class="p">}</span>
489</pre></div>
490</div>
491<p>The code above adds a lot of functionality. The first few lines load the
492form helper and the form validation library. After that, rules for the
493form validation are set. The <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">set_rules()</span></code> method takes three arguments;
494the name of the input field, the name to be used in error messages, and
495the rule. In this case the title and text fields are required.</p>
496<p>CodeIgniter has a powerful form validation library as demonstrated
497above. You can read <a class="reference internal" href="../libraries/form_validation.html"><span class="doc">more about this library
498here</span></a>.</p>
499<p>Continuing down, you can see a condition that checks whether the form
500validation ran successfully. If it did not, the form is displayed, if it
501was submitted <strong>and</strong> passed all the rules, the model is called. After
502this, a view is loaded to display a success message. Create a view at
503<em>application/views/news/success.php</em> and write a success message.</p>
504</div>
505<div class="section" id="model">
506<h2>Model<a class="headerlink" href="#model" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
507<p>The only thing that remains is writing a method that writes the data to
508the database. You’ll use the Query Builder class to insert the
509information and use the input library to get the posted data. Open up
510the model created earlier and add the following:</p>
511<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">public</span> <span class="k">function</span> <span class="nf">set_news</span><span class="p">()</span>
512<span class="p">{</span>
513 <span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">load</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">helper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;url&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
514
515 <span class="nv">$slug</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">url_title</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">input</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">post</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;title&#39;</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="s1">&#39;dash&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="k">TRUE</span><span class="p">);</span>
516
517 <span class="nv">$data</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">array</span><span class="p">(</span>
518 <span class="s1">&#39;title&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">input</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">post</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;title&#39;</span><span class="p">),</span>
519 <span class="s1">&#39;slug&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="nv">$slug</span><span class="p">,</span>
520 <span class="s1">&#39;text&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">input</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">post</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;text&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
521 <span class="p">);</span>
522
523 <span class="k">return</span> <span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">db</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;news&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nv">$data</span><span class="p">);</span>
524<span class="p">}</span>
525</pre></div>
526</div>
527<p>This new method takes care of inserting the news item into the database.
528The third line contains a new function, url_title(). This function -
529provided by the <a class="reference internal" href="../helpers/url_helper.html"><span class="doc">URL helper</span></a> - strips down
530the string you pass it, replacing all spaces by dashes (-) and makes
531sure everything is in lowercase characters. This leaves you with a nice
532slug, perfect for creating URIs.</p>
533<p>Let’s continue with preparing the record that is going to be inserted
534later, inside the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">$data</span></code> array. Each element corresponds with a column in
535the database table created earlier. You might notice a new method here,
536namely the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">post()</span></code> method from the <a class="reference internal" href="../libraries/input.html"><span class="doc">input
537library</span></a>. This method makes sure the data is
538sanitized, protecting you from nasty attacks from others. The input
539library is loaded by default. At last, you insert our <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">$data</span></code> array into
540our database.</p>
541</div>
542<div class="section" id="routing">
543<h2>Routing<a class="headerlink" href="#routing" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
544<p>Before you can start adding news items into your CodeIgniter application
545you have to add an extra rule to <em>config/routes.php</em> file. Make sure your
546file contains the following. This makes sure CodeIgniter sees ‘create’
547as a method instead of a news item’s slug.</p>
548<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$route</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">&#39;news/create&#39;</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">&#39;news/create&#39;</span><span class="p">;</span>
549<span class="nv">$route</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">&#39;news/(:any)&#39;</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">&#39;news/view/$1&#39;</span><span class="p">;</span>
550<span class="nv">$route</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">&#39;news&#39;</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">&#39;news&#39;</span><span class="p">;</span>
551<span class="nv">$route</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">&#39;(:any)&#39;</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">&#39;pages/view/$1&#39;</span><span class="p">;</span>
552<span class="nv">$route</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">&#39;default_controller&#39;</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">&#39;pages/view&#39;</span><span class="p">;</span>
553</pre></div>
554</div>
555<p>Now point your browser to your local development environment where you
556installed CodeIgniter and add index.php/news/create to the URL.
557Congratulations, you just created your first CodeIgniter application!
558Add some news and check out the different pages you made.</p>
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