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Derek Jones733310d2009-02-11 01:13:43 +000031<td><h1>CodeIgniter User Guide Version 1.7.1</h1></td>
Derek Allard2067d1a2008-11-13 22:59:24 +000032<td id="breadcrumb_right"><a href="../toc.html">Table of Contents Page</a></td>
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45Form Helper
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56<div id="content">
57
58
59<h1>Form Helper</h1>
60
61<p>The Form Helper file contains functions that assist in working with forms.</p>
62
63
64<h2>Loading this Helper</h2>
65
66<p>This helper is loaded using the following code:</p>
67<code>$this->load->helper('form');</code>
68
69<p>The following functions are available:</p>
70
71
72
73<h2>form_open()</h2>
74
75<p>Creates an opening form tag with a base URL <strong>built from your config preferences</strong>. It will optionally let you
76add form attributes and hidden input fields.</p>
77
78<p>The main benefit of using this tag rather than hard coding your own HTML is that it permits your site to be more portable
79in the event your URLs ever change.</p>
80
81<p>Here's a simple example:</p>
82
83<code>echo form_open('email/send');</code>
84
85<p>The above example would create a form that points to your base URL plus the "email/send" URI segments, like this:</p>
86
87<code>&lt;form method="post" action="http:/example.com/index.php/email/send" /></code>
88
89<h4>Adding Attributes</h4>
90
91<p>Attributes can be added by passing an associative array to the second parameter, like this:</p>
92
93<code>
94$attributes = array('class' => 'email', 'id' => 'myform');<br />
95<br />
96echo form_open('email/send', $attributes);</code>
97
98<p>The above example would create a form similar to this:</p>
99
100<code>&lt;form method="post" action="http:/example.com/index.php/email/send" &nbsp;class="email" &nbsp;id="myform" /></code>
101
102<h4>Adding Hidden Input Fields</h4>
103
104<p>Hidden fields can be added by passing an associative array to the third parameter, like this:</p>
105
106<code>
107$hidden = array('username' => 'Joe', 'member_id' => '234');<br />
108<br />
109echo form_open('email/send', '', $hidden);</code>
110
111<p>The above example would create a form similar to this:</p>
112
113<code>&lt;form method="post" action="http:/example.com/index.php/email/send"><br />
114&lt;input type="hidden" name="username" value="Joe" /><br />
115&lt;input type="hidden" name="member_id" value="234" /></code>
116
117
118<h2>form_open_multipart()</h2>
119
120<p>This function is absolutely identical to the <dfn>form_open()</dfn> tag above except that it adds a multipart attribute,
121which is necessary if you would like to use the form to upload files with.</p>
122
123<h2>form_hidden()</h2>
124
125<p>Lets you generate hidden input fields. You can either submit a name/value string to create one field:</p>
126
127<code>form_hidden('username', 'johndoe');<br />
128<br />
129// Would produce:<br /><br />
130&lt;input type="hidden" name="username" value="johndoe" /></code>
131
132<p>Or you can submit an associative array to create multiple fields:</p>
133
134<code>$data = array(<br />
135&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'name'&nbsp;&nbsp;=> 'John Doe',<br />
136&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'email' => 'john@example.com',<br />
137&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'url'&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=> 'http://example.com'<br />
138&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;);<br />
139<br />
140echo form_hidden($data);<br />
141<br />
142// Would produce:<br /><br />
143&lt;input type="hidden" name="name" value="John Doe" /><br />
144&lt;input type="hidden" name="email" value="john@example.com" /><br />
145&lt;input type="hidden" name="url" value="http://example.com" /></code>
146
147
148
149
150<h2>form_input()</h2>
151
152<p>Lets you generate a standard text input field. You can minimally pass the field name and value in the first
153and second parameter:</p>
154
155<code>echo form_input('username', 'johndoe');</code>
156
157<p>Or you can pass an associative array containing any data you wish your form to contain:</p>
158
159<code>$data = array(<br />
160&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'name'&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=> 'username',<br />
161&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'id'&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=> 'username',<br />
162&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'value'&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=> 'johndoe',<br />
163&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'maxlength'&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=> '100',<br />
164&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'size'&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=> '50',<br />
165&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'style'&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; => 'width:50%',<br />
166&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;);<br />
167<br />
168echo form_input($data);<br />
169<br />
170// Would produce:<br /><br />
171&lt;input type="text" name="username" id="username" value="johndoe" maxlength="100" size="50" style="width:50%" /></code>
172
Derek Allard877ec2a2009-02-04 12:29:09 +0000173<p>If you would like your form to contain some additional data, like Javascript, you can pass it as a string in the
Derek Allard2067d1a2008-11-13 22:59:24 +0000174third parameter:</p>
175
176<code>$js = 'onClick="some_function()"';<br />
177<br />
178echo form_input('username', 'johndoe', $js);</code>
179
180<h2>form_password()</h2>
181
182<p>This function is identical in all respects to the <dfn>form_input()</dfn> function above
183except that is sets it as a "password" type.</p>
184
185<h2>form_upload()</h2>
186
187<p>This function is identical in all respects to the <dfn>form_input()</dfn> function above
188except that is sets it as a "file" type, allowing it to be used to upload files.</p>
189
190<h2>form_textarea()</h2>
191
192<p>This function is identical in all respects to the <dfn>form_input()</dfn> function above
193except that it generates a "textarea" type. Note: Instead of the "maxlength" and "size" attributes in the above
194example, you will instead specify "rows" and "cols".</p>
195
196
197<h2>form_dropdown()</h2>
198
199<p>Lets you create a standard drop-down field. The first parameter will contain the name of the field,
200the second parameter will contain an associative array of options, and the third parameter will contain the
201value you wish to be selected. You can also pass an array through the third parameter, and CodeIgniter will create a multiple select for you. Example:</p>
202
203<code>$options = array(<br />
204&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'small'&nbsp;&nbsp;=> 'Small Shirt',<br />
205&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'med'&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=> 'Medium Shirt',<br />
206&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'large'&nbsp;&nbsp; => 'Large Shirt',<br />
207&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'xlarge' => 'Extra Large Shirt',<br />
208&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;);<br />
209<br />
210$shirts_on_sale = array('small', 'large');<br />
211<br />
212echo form_dropdown('shirts', $options, 'large');<br />
213<br />
214// Would produce:<br />
215<br />
216&lt;select name=&quot;shirts&quot;&gt;<br />
217&lt;option value=&quot;small&quot;&gt;Small Shirt&lt;/option&gt;<br />
218&lt;option value=&quot;med&quot;&gt;Medium Shirt&lt;/option&gt;<br />
219&lt;option value=&quot;large&quot; selected=&quot;selected&quot;&gt;Large Shirt&lt;/option&gt;<br />
220&lt;option value=&quot;xlarge&quot;&gt;Extra Large Shirt&lt;/option&gt;<br />
221&lt;/select&gt;<br />
222<br />
223echo form_dropdown('shirts', $options, $shirts_on_sale);<br />
224<br />
225// Would produce:<br />
226<br />
227&lt;select name=&quot;shirts&quot; multiple=&quot;multiple&quot;&gt;<br />
228&lt;option value=&quot;small&quot; selected=&quot;selected&quot;&gt;Small Shirt&lt;/option&gt;<br />
229&lt;option value=&quot;med&quot;&gt;Medium Shirt&lt;/option&gt;<br />
230&lt;option value=&quot;large&quot; selected=&quot;selected&quot;&gt;Large Shirt&lt;/option&gt;<br />
231&lt;option value=&quot;xlarge&quot;&gt;Extra Large Shirt&lt;/option&gt;<br />
232&lt;/select&gt;</code>
233
234
Derek Allard877ec2a2009-02-04 12:29:09 +0000235<p>If you would like the opening &lt;select> to contain additional data, like an <kbd>id</kbd> attribute or JavaScript, you can pass it as a string in the
Derek Allard2067d1a2008-11-13 22:59:24 +0000236fourth parameter:</p>
237
Derek Allard877ec2a2009-02-04 12:29:09 +0000238<code>$js = 'id="shirts" onChange="some_function();"';<br />
Derek Allard2067d1a2008-11-13 22:59:24 +0000239<br />
240echo form_dropdown('shirts', $options, 'large', $js);</code>
241
Derek Allard78a5fc92009-02-05 16:34:35 +0000242<p>If the array passed as $options is a multidimensional array, form_dropdown() will produce an &lt;optgroup&gt; with the array key as the label.</p>
Derek Allard2067d1a2008-11-13 22:59:24 +0000243
244<h2>form_fieldset()</h2>
245
246<p>Lets you generate fieldset/legend fields.</p>
247<code>echo form_fieldset('Address Information');<br />
248echo &quot;&lt;p&gt;fieldset content here&lt;/p&gt;\n&quot;;<br />
249echo form_fieldset_close();
250<br />
251<br />
252// Produces<br />
253&lt;fieldset&gt;
254<br />
255&lt;legend&gt;Address Information&lt;/legend&gt;
256<br />
257&lt;p&gt;form content here&lt;/p&gt;
258<br />
259&lt;/fieldset&gt;</code>
260<p>Similar to other functions, you can submit an associative array in the second parameter if you prefer to set additional attributes. </p>
261<p><code>$attributes = array('id' =&gt; 'address_info', 'class' =&gt; 'address_info');<br />
262 echo form_fieldset('Address Information', $attributes);<br />
263echo &quot;&lt;p&gt;fieldset content here&lt;/p&gt;\n&quot;;<br />
264echo form_fieldset_close(); <br />
265<br />
266// Produces<br />
267&lt;fieldset id=&quot;address_info&quot; class=&quot;address_info&quot;&gt; <br />
268&lt;legend&gt;Address Information&lt;/legend&gt; <br />
269&lt;p&gt;form content here&lt;/p&gt; <br />
270&lt;/fieldset&gt;</code></p>
271<h2>form_fieldset_close()</h2>
272<p>Produces a closing &lt;/fieldset&gt; tag. The only advantage to using this function is it permits you to pass data to it
273 which will be added below the tag. For example:</p>
274<code>$string = &quot;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&quot;;<br />
275<br />
276echo fieldset_close($string);<br />
277<br />
278// Would produce:<br />
279&lt;/fieldset&gt;<br />
280&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</code>
281<h2>form_checkbox()</h2>
282<p>Lets you generate a checkbox field. Simple example:</p>
283<code>echo form_checkbox('newsletter', 'accept', TRUE);<br />
284<br />
285// Would produce:<br />
286<br />
287&lt;input type=&quot;checkbox&quot; name=&quot;newsletter&quot; value=&quot;accept&quot; checked=&quot;checked&quot; /&gt;</code>
288<p>The third parameter contains a boolean TRUE/FALSE to determine whether the box should be checked or not.</p>
289<p>Similar to the other form functions in this helper, you can also pass an array of attributes to the function:</p>
290
291<code>$data = array(<br />
292&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'name'&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=> 'newsletter',<br />
293&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'id'&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=> 'newsletter',<br />
294&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'value'&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=> 'accept',<br />
295&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'checked'&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=> TRUE,<br />
296&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'style'&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; => 'margin:10px',<br />
297&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;);<br />
298<br />
299echo form_checkbox($data);<br />
300<br />
301// Would produce:<br /><br />
302&lt;input type="checkbox" name="newsletter" id="newsletter" value="accept" checked="checked" style="margin:10px" /></code>
303
304<p>As with other functions, if you would like the tag to contain additional data, like JavaScript, you can pass it as a string in the
305fourth parameter:</p>
306
307<code>$js = 'onClick="some_function()"';<br />
308<br />
309 echo form_checkbox('newsletter', 'accept', TRUE, $js)</code>
310
311
312<h2>form_radio()</h2>
313<p>This function is identical in all respects to the <dfn>form_checkbox()</dfn> function above except that is sets it as a "radio" type.</p>
314
315
316<h2>form_submit()</h2>
317
318<p>Lets you generate a standard submit button. Simple example:</p>
319<code>echo form_submit('mysubmit', 'Submit Post!');<br />
320<br />
321// Would produce:<br />
322<br />
323&lt;input type=&quot;submit&quot; name=&quot;mysubmit&quot; value=&quot;Submit Post!&quot; /&gt;</code>
324<p>Similar to other functions, you can submit an associative array in the first parameter if you prefer to set your own attributes.
325 The third parameter lets you add extra data to your form, like JavaScript.</p>
326<h2>form_label()</h2>
327<p>Lets you generate a &lt;label&gt;. Simple example:</p>
328<code>echo form_label('What is your Name', 'username');<br />
329<br />
330// Would produce:
331<br />
332&lt;label for=&quot;username&quot;&gt;What is your Name&lt;/label&gt;</code>
333<p>Similar to other functions, you can submit an associative array in the third parameter if you prefer to set additional attributes. </p>
334<p><code>$attributes = array(<br />
335&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'class' =&gt; 'mycustomclass',<br />
336&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'style' =&gt; 'color: #000;',<br />
337);<br />
338 echo form_label('What is your Name', 'username', $attributes);<br />
339 <br />
340// Would produce: <br />
341&lt;label for=&quot;username&quot; class=&quot;mycustomclass&quot; style=&quot;color: #000;&quot;&gt;What is your Name&lt;/label&gt;</code></p>
342<h2>form_reset()</h2>
343
344<p>Lets you generate a standard reset button. Use is identical to <dfn>form_submit()</dfn>.</p>
345
346<h2>form_button()</h2>
347
348<p>Lets you generate a standard button element. You can minimally pass the button name and content in the first and second parameter:</p>
349<code>
350echo form_button('name','content');<br />
351<br />
352// Would produce<br />
Derek Allard904094a2009-02-10 14:00:34 +0000353&lt;button name="name" type="button"&gt;Content&lt;/button&gt;
Derek Allard2067d1a2008-11-13 22:59:24 +0000354</code>
355
356Or you can pass an associative array containing any data you wish your form to contain:
357<code>
358$data = array(<br />
359&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'name' => 'button',<br />
360&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'id' => 'button',<br />
361&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'value' => 'true',<br />
362&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'type' => 'reset',<br />
363&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'content' => 'Reset'<br />
364);<br />
365<br />
366echo form_button($data);<br />
367<br />
368// Would produce:<br />
369&lt;button name="button" id="button" value="true" type="reset"&gt;Reset&lt;/button&gt;
370</code>
371
372If you would like your form to contain some additional data, like JavaScript, you can pass it as a string in the third parameter:
373<code>
374$js = 'onClick="some_function()"';<br /><br />
375echo form_button('mybutton', 'Click Me', $js);
376</code>
377
378
379<h2>form_close()</h2>
380
381<p>Produces a closing &lt;/form> tag. The only advantage to using this function is it permits you to pass data to it
382which will be added below the tag. For example:</p>
383
384<code>$string = "&lt;/div>&lt;/div>";<br />
385<br />
386echo form_close($string);<br />
387<br />
388// Would produce:<br />
389<br />
390&lt;/form><br />
391&lt;/div>&lt;/div></code>
392
393
394
395
396
397<h2>form_prep()</h2>
398
399<p>Allows you to safely use HTML and characters such as quotes within form elements without breaking out of the form. Consider this example:</p>
400
401<code>$string = 'Here is a string containing <strong>"quoted"</strong> text.';<br />
402<br />
403&lt;input type="text" name="myform" value="<var>$string</var>" /></code>
404
405<p>Since the above string contains a set of quotes it will cause the form to break.
406The form_prep function converts HTML so that it can be used safely:</p>
407
408<code>&lt;input type="text" name="myform" value="<var>&lt;?php echo form_prep($string); ?></var>" /></code>
409
410<p class="important"><strong>Note:</strong> If you use any of the form helper functions listed in this page the form
411values will be prepped automatically, so there is no need to call this function. Use it only if you are
412creating your own form elements.</p>
413
414
415<h2>set_value()</h2>
416
417<p>Permits you to set the value of an input form or textarea. You must supply the field name via the first parameter of the function.
418The second (optional) parameter allows you to set a default value for the form. Example:</p>
419
420<code>&lt;input type="text" name="quantity" value="<dfn>&lt;?php echo set_value('quantity', '0'); ?></dfn>" size="50" /></code>
421
422<p>The above form will show "0" when loaded for the first time.</p>
423
424<h2>set_select()</h2>
425
426<p>If you use a <dfn>&lt;select></dfn> menu, this function permits you to display the menu item that was selected. The first parameter
427must contain the name of the select menu, the second parameter must contain the value of
428each item, and the third (optional) parameter lets you set an item as the default (use boolean TRUE/FALSE).</p>
429
430<p>Example:</p>
431
432<code>
433&lt;select name="myselect"><br />
434&lt;option value="one" <dfn>&lt;?php echo set_select('myselect', 'one', TRUE); ?></dfn> >One&lt;/option><br />
435&lt;option value="two" <dfn>&lt;?php echo set_select('myselect', 'two'); ?></dfn> >Two&lt;/option><br />
436&lt;option value="three" <dfn>&lt;?php echo set_select('myselect', 'three'); ?></dfn> >Three&lt;/option><br />
437&lt;/select>
438</code>
439
440
441<h2>set_checkbox()</h2>
442
443<p>Permits you to display a checkbox in the state it was submitted. The first parameter
444must contain the name of the checkbox, the second parameter must contain its value, and the third (optional) parameter lets you set an item as the default (use boolean TRUE/FALSE). Example:</p>
445
446<code>&lt;input type="checkbox" name="mycheck" value="1" <dfn>&lt;?php echo set_checkbox('mycheck', '1'); ?></dfn> /><br />
447&lt;input type="checkbox" name="mycheck" value="2" <dfn>&lt;?php echo set_checkbox('mycheck', '2'); ?></dfn> /></code>
448
449
450<h2>set_radio()</h2>
451
452<p>Permits you to display radio buttons in the state they were submitted. This function is identical to the <strong>set_checkbox()</strong> function above.</p>
453
454<code>&lt;input type="radio" name="myradio" value="1" <dfn>&lt;?php echo set_radio('myradio', '1', TRUE); ?></dfn> /><br />
455&lt;input type="radio" name="myradio" value="2" <dfn>&lt;?php echo set_radio('myradio', '2'); ?></dfn> /></code>
456
457
458
459
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