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Derek Allard404e35d2007-08-07 01:00:45 +0000[diff] [blame]5<title>CodeIgniter User Guide : Alternate PHP Syntax for View Files</title>
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Derek Allard39b622d2008-01-16 21:10:09 +0000[diff] [blame]31<td><h1>CodeIgniter User Guide Version 1.6.0</h1></td>
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58<h1>Alternate PHP Syntax for View Files</h1>
59
Derek Allardd2df9bc2007-04-15 17:41:17 +0000[diff] [blame]60<p>If you do not utilize CodeIgniter's <a href="../libraries/parser.html">template engine</a>, you'll be using pure PHP
adminb93464d2006-10-31 00:36:32 +0000[diff] [blame]61in your View files. To minimize the PHP code in these files, and to make it easier to identify the code blocks it is recommended that you use
62PHPs alternative syntax for control structures and short tag echo statements. If you are not familiar with this syntax, it allows you to eliminate the braces from your code,
adminb0dd10f2006-08-25 17:25:49 +0000[diff] [blame]63and eliminate "echo" statements.</p>
64
adminb93464d2006-10-31 00:36:32 +0000[diff] [blame]65<h2>Automatic Short Tag Support</h2>
66
67<p><strong>Note:</strong> If you find that the syntax described in this page does not work on your server it might
Derek Allardd2df9bc2007-04-15 17:41:17 +0000[diff] [blame]68be that "short tags" are disabled in your PHP ini file. CodeIgniter will optionally rewrite short tags on-the-fly,
admincef21062006-10-30 17:13:13 +0000[diff] [blame]69allowing you to use that syntax even if your server doesn't support it. This feature can be enabled in your
70<dfn>config/config.php</dfn> file.</p>
71
adminb93464d2006-10-31 00:36:32 +0000[diff] [blame]72<p class="important">Please note that if you do use this feature, if PHP errors are encountered
73in your <strong>view files</strong>, the error message and line number will not be accurately shown. Instead, all errors
74will be shown as <kbd>eval()</kbd> errors.</p>
75
admincef21062006-10-30 17:13:13 +0000[diff] [blame]76
adminb0dd10f2006-08-25 17:25:49 +0000[diff] [blame]77<h2>Alternative Echos</h2>
78
79<p>Normally to echo, or print out a variable you would do this:</p>
80
81<code>&lt;?php echo $variable; ?></code>
82
83<p>With the alternative syntax you can instead do it this way:</p>
84
85<code>&lt;?=$variable?></code>
86
adminb0dd10f2006-08-25 17:25:49 +0000[diff] [blame]87
88
89<h2>Alternative Control Structures</h2>
90
admine334c472006-10-21 19:44:22 +0000[diff] [blame]91<p>Controls structures, like <var>if</var>, <var>for</var>, <var>foreach</var>, and <var>while</var> can be
adminb0dd10f2006-08-25 17:25:49 +0000[diff] [blame]92written in a simplified format as well. Here is an example using foreach:</p>
93
94<code>
95&lt;ul><br />
96<br />
97<var>&lt;?php foreach($todo as $item): ?></var><br />
98<br />
99&lt;li><var>&lt;?=$item?></var>&lt;/li><br />
100<br />
Derek Allardbc538942007-04-03 11:42:31 +0000[diff] [blame]101<var>&lt;?php endforeach; ?></var><br />
adminb0dd10f2006-08-25 17:25:49 +0000[diff] [blame]102<br />
103&lt;/ul></code>
104
105<p>Notice that there are no braces. Instead, the end brace is replaced with <var>endforeach</var>.
106Each of the control structures listed above has a similar closing syntax:
107<var>endif</var>, <var>endfor</var>, <var>endforeach</var>, and <var>endwhile</var></p>
108
admine334c472006-10-21 19:44:22 +0000[diff] [blame]109<p>Also notice that instead of using a semicolon after each structure (except the last one), there is a colon. This is
adminb0dd10f2006-08-25 17:25:49 +0000[diff] [blame]110important!</p>
111
112<p>Here is another example, using if/elseif/else. Notice the colons:</p>
113
114
115<code><var>&lt;?php if ($username == 'sally'): ?></var><br />
116<br />
117&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;h3>Hi Sally&lt;/h3><br />
118<br />
119<var>&lt;?php elseif ($username == 'joe'): ?></var><br />
120<br />
121&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;h3>Hi Joe&lt;/h3><br />
122<br />
123<var>&lt;?php else: ?></var><br />
124<br />
125&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;h3>Hi unknown user&lt;/h3><br />
126<br />
127<var>&lt;?php endif; ?></var></code>
128
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